Chapter/Index: Introduction | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z | Appendix
socket library
| The Python socket library provides a way for programmers to interact with network connections at a low level. It allows you to create, configure, and manage network sockets, which are endpoints for sending and receiving data over a network:
- Create Sockets: You can create a socket using socket.socket(), specifying the address family (e.g., IPv4 or IPv6) and the socket type (e.g., TCP or UDP).
- Bind Sockets: Bind the socket to an address and port using bind(). This is typically done on the server side to listen for incoming connections on a specific port.
- Listen for Connections: Use listen() to set up and start TCP listening mode on the server socket.
- Accept Connections: On the server side, accept an incoming connection using accept(). This returns a new socket object representing the connection and the address of the client.
- Connect to a Server: On the client side, connect to a server using connect() by specifying the server's address and port.
- Send and Receive Data: Use send(), sendall(), or sendto() to send data, and recv() or recvfrom() to receive data over the socket.
- Close Sockets: Close the socket using close() when you're done with the connection.
- Set Socket Options: Configure various socket options using setsockopt() to fine-tune the behavior of the socket, such as setting timeouts or buffer sizes.
- Handle Errors: Manage network errors and exceptions that may arise during socket operations.
- TCP Server Example (Code):
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